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Today is the feast of Saint Michael
the Archangel (also the Feast of Saints Michael, Gabriel, Uriel and Raphael, the
Feast of the Archangels, or the Feast of Saint Michael and All Angels).
Saint Michael is one of the principal
angels; his name was the war-cry of the good angels in the battle fought in
heaven against the enemy and his followers. Four times his name is recorded in
Scripture:
(1) Daniel 10: 13 sqq., Gabriel says to
Daniel, when he asks God to permit the Jews to return to Jerusalem: "The Angel
[D.V. prince] of the kingdom of the Persians resisted me . . . and, behold
Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me . . . and none is my helper
in all these things, but Michael your
prince."
(2) Daniel 12, the Angel speaking of the
end of the world and the Antichrist says: "At that time shall Michael rise up,
the great prince, who standeth for the children of thy
people."
(3) In the Catholic Epistle of Saint
Jude: "When Michael the Archangel, disputing with the devil, contended about the
body of Moses", etc. Saint Jude alludes to an ancient Jewish tradition of a
dispute between Michael and Satan over the body of Moses, an account of which is
also found in the apocryphal book on the assumption of Moses (Origen, De
Principiis III.2.2). Saint Michael concealed the tomb of Moses. Satan, however,
by disclosing it, tried to seduce the Jewish people to the sin of hero-worship.
Saint Michael also guards the body of Eve, according to the "Revelation of
Moses" ("Apocryphal Gospels", etc, ed. A. Walker, Edinburgh, p.
647).
(4) Apocalypse 12: 7, "And there was a
great battle in heaven, Michael and his angels fought with the dragon." Saint
John speaks of the great conflict at the end of time, which reflects also the
battle in heaven at the beginning of time. According to the Fathers there is
often a question of Saint Michael in Scripture where his name is not mentioned.
They say he was the cherub who stood at the gate of paradise, "to keep the way
of the tree of life" (Genesis 3: 24), the angel through whom God published the
Decalogue to his chosen people, the angel who stood in the way against Balaam
(Numbers 22: 22 sqq.), the angel who routed the army of Sennacherib (2 Kings 19:
35).
Following these Scriptural passages,
Christian tradition gives to Saint Michael four
offices:
To fight against
Satan.
To rescue the souls of the faithful from
the power of the enemy, especially at the hour of
death.
To be the champion of God's people, the
Jews in the Old Law, the Christians in the New Testament; therefore he was the
patron of the Church, and of the orders of knights during the Middle
Ages.
To call away from earth and bring men's
souls to judgment ("signifer S. Michael repraesentet eas in lucam sanctam,"
Offert. Miss Defunct. "Constituit eum principem super animas suscipiendas," Antiph. off. Cf. The Shepherd of Hermas, Book III, Similitude 8, Chapter
3).